Detection and Classification of Double Line to Ground Faults in a 138 kV Six Phase Transmission Line Using Hilbert Huang Transform

In this paper, Hilbert Huang transform based technique is introduced to detect and classify double line to ground faults in a 138 kV, 60 Hz, 68 km long six phase transmission line. Hilbert Huang transform is used to extract the hidden features contained in fault current signal in the form of Hilbert coefficients. The proposed technique does not requires the communication link between the two terminals of six phase transmission line since the fault current signals are recorded at the first terminal only i.e. at bus-1. For the justification of the proposed technique, wide variety of fault test studies were carried out in MATLAB/ Simscape power system toolbox for different types of three phase to ground faults by varying fault type, fault location, fault inception time, fault resistance and ground resistance. Test results shows that the Hilbert Huang transform based proposed technique effectively detects/ classifies the double line to ground faults

Exploration of a Computational Fluid Dynamics Integrated Design Methodology for Potential Application to a Wind Turbine Blade

The main purpose of this thesis is to conduct a parametric sensitivity study on the blade design of AOC 15/50 wind turbine based on a CFD approach and optimize the blade design for maximizing the power output. The ANSYS® Fluent® flow solver using the k-ω SST turbulence model was validated by simulating the flow over two dimensional airfoils comprising the AOC 15/50 wind turbine blade. The CFD results have shown a considerable agreement with the experimental data for the airfoils. Parametric correlation study and sensitivity analysis were conducted by performing actual flow simulations over the turbine blade using ANSYS® Fluent®. This illustrates the dependence of power output on the blade design parameters. Parametric correlation study reveals that the blade design variables on the outer 40% of the blade span have a predominant effect on the power output of the blade, while the obtained scatter plots and determination matrix indicate the blade optimization problem setup as non-linear and quadratic fit. The most sensitive design parameters are used to formulate the flow optimization problem. A response surface optimization (RSO) methodology is employed for carrying out the blade shape optimization process. Design of Experiments (DoE) using the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) algorithm is used to construct a robust response surface model, which is then searched for the optimized design using the Nonlinear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian (NLPQL) technique. Two optimization routines are carried out by varying the geometric constraints on the blade. First optimization routine constrained the blade length and maximum chord occurring at a 40% span location from the hub to be fixed, yielding a design that performs marginally well up to the wind speed of 9.2 m/s with a maximum power increment of 7.55 % occurring at the 8.03 m/s wind speed. The search for the second optimization routine was initialized in the design space with the best candidate point obtained from the first optimization routine. Second optimization routine generated a design configuration that resulted in an increased blade length and surface area, thus leading to an overall lift force augmentation producing a 25.26% increase in the power output. Both the optimized candidates obtained were validated using the flow solver to verify the optimized design for maximized power output. The coefficient of pressure plots at various span locations of the blade bolster the claim that most of the mechanical power is produced in the outer 30-40% of the blade

Immediate placement of dental implants in non vascularised iliac graft after resection of anterior mandible : A case report

This case report presents a combination of surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation applied to a case in postsurgical reconstructed mandible. We report a patient suffering from desmoplastic ameloblastoma of mandible, who underwent Enbloc resection and reconstruction with iliac bone graft with simultaneous placement of dental implant in anterior mandible. Two dental implants were placed at both ends of the graft. At five years follow up, favourable osseointegration with healthy peri-implant tissue was reported

AN UPDATED REVIEW ON DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT (DOE) IN PHARMACEUTICALS

DoE is a structured, organized method for determining the relationships among factors affecting a process and its output.It has been suggested that DoE can offer returns that are four to eight times greater than the cost of running the experiments in a fraction of the time that it would take to run one-factor-at-a-time experiments.It is always important before beginning experimentation to determine the objective of an experiment, and this is no different with DoE. Identifying objectives helps focus a team on its specific aims (scientific understanding of the task/problem in hand) over a period of time. It also helps indicate what resources are and assists in managing expectations from a study’s outcome. DoE studies in support of QbD are often a delicate balance between delivering defined, high-quality products and meeting predetermined time, labor, and financial constraints. Keywords: Quality by design (QbD), Design of experiment (DoE), Process analytical technologies (PAT), One factor at a time (OFAT), Quality risk management (QRM), Critical process parameters (CPP), Analysis of variance (ANOVA

AN UPDATED REVIEW ON MODIFIED RELEASE TABLETS

For some time now modified drug release has been studied and used extensively during the development of pharmaceutical drug products because of its advantages over immediate release formulations. As per the forecasting by Global Business Intelligence (GBI) research, the growth in oral drug delivery market will uplift in the coming years. Modified release drug products allow at least a two-fold reduction in dosing when compared to a drug that is presented in a conventional immediate release form. Modified release drug products are designed to release active pharmaceutical ingredient over a longer duration of time; At least, longer than an immediate release (I.R) formulation. Many Pharmaceutical companies also utilize the proprietary advantages of Modified release formulations to extend the patent life cycle of commercial products thereby bringing in new business. Keywords: Immediate release (I.R), Modified release (M.R), Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS), Loading doze (LD), Maintenance doze (MD), New Drug Application (NDA

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva - a rare entity: case report and review of literature

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is an extremely rare locally invasive mesenchymal tumor with a high risk of recurrence. Till date, only about 350 cases reported worldwide. Because of the rarity it should be considered as differential diagnosis whenever patient present with vulvovaginal growth. The diagnosis is clinched on histopathology. These are hormone-dependent and have estrogen and progesterone receptors. Hence sometimes GnRH agonists are used for ovarian estrogen secretion suppression but long-term use is not advocated due to side effects. A 45-year-old P4 L4 perimenopausal female presented to the GOPD with a 4×4×3 cms pedunculated painless globular mass on right labia majora. On palpation, the globular mass was firm, non-tender and with a smooth surface. Mass was excised and on gross histopathology, cut sections showed white myxoid areas. On microscopy epidermal lined tissue with stellate and spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells was found, embedded in a loose myxoid stroma with few collagen fibers. The cells were small and bland and lacked nuclear atypia. Small to medium-sized blood vessels were present with the thickened wall. Entrapped nerves and adipocytes were also present. No necrosis or mitosis was identified. All these features were suggestive of an aggressive angiomyxoma. Immunohistochemistry markers ER, PR, CD34, desmin, SMA were all positive. Imaging was done to rule out metastatic lesions and wide local excision was done around the stump with laparoscopic bilateral oophorectomy. Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare disease. In women with asymptomatic growth in the vulvovaginal region, perineum or pelvis, aggressive angiomyxoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Ideal treatment is a wide local excision to prevent local recurrences, which are common and a hypoestrogenic milieu is created by either GnRH Agonists or by bilateral oophorectomy due to their hormone-sensitive nature

Input online review data and related bias in recommender systems

A majority of extant literature on recommender systems assume the input data as a given to generate recommendations. Both implicit and/or explicit data are used as input in these systems. The existence of various challenges in using such input data including those associated with strategic source manipulations, sparse matrix, state data, among others, are sometimes acknowledged. While such input data are also known to be rife with various forms of bias, to our knowledge no explicit attempt is made to correct or compensate for them in recommender systems. We consider a specific type of bias that is introduced in online product reviews due to the sequence in which these reviews are written. We model several scenarios in this context and study their properties

Early Recognition of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva-Important For the Clinician

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare disorder of heterotopic ossification. Procedures like biopsy and surgery are known to be aggravating factors in promoting heterotopic ossification Clues to clinical diagnosis may therefore be a great advantage to treating orthopedician. Valgus deformity of great toe is an important diagnostic clue for treating physicians and thus aids in preventing the clinicians from subjecting the patients to unnecessary invasive and traumatic procedures. Hence clinical clues to early diagnosis are important in establishing the correct diagnosis and directing future management.  Keywords: fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva; valgus deformity of greater toe. | PubMe

Chloroquine commonly induces hormetic dose responses

The use of chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 has received considerable attention. The recent intense focus on this application of chloroquine stimulated an investigation into the effects of chloroquine at low doses on highly biologically-diverse models and whether it may induce hormetic-biphasic dose response effects. The assessment revealed that hormetic effects have been commonly induced by chloroquine, affecting numerous cell types, including tumor cell lines (e.g. human breast and colon) and non-tumor cell lines, enhancing viral replication, spermmotility, various behavioral endpoints aswell as decreasing risks of convulsions, and enhancing a spectrum of neuroprotective responses within a preconditioning experimental framework. These diverse and complex findings indicate that hormetic dose responses commonly occur with chloroquine treatment with a range of biologicalmodels and endpoints. These findings have implications concerning study design features including the number and spacing of doses, and suggest a range of possible clinical concerns and opportunities depending on the endpoint considered. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved